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Auction – The basic process of price discovery in the market through the interaction of buyers and sellers.
Anomaly – A Market Profile structure showing a missing TPO in a developing curve; often leads to revisit/fill.
Acceptance – A price area where the market spends significant time and volume, forming value.
A-Period – 9:15 to 9:45 AM; the opening TPO period that sets the tone for the day.
Absorption – When large volume is transacted with little price movement, indicating passive control by limit orders.
Balance – A state where buyers and sellers are in equilibrium, resulting in a sideways market.
Breakout – A move beyond a reference point (IBH, IBL, Value Area) that shows potential new direction.
b-Shaped Profile – Indicates long liquidation; strong selling early, but buying interest at lower levels.
B-Period – 9:45 to 10:15 AM; used to confirm the open and signal continuation or rejection.
Buying Tail – A single TPO or thin structure at the low that signals aggressive buying rejection.
COT (Commitment of Traders) – An Orderflow measure indicating who is in control (buyers vs sellers).
Composite Profile – A multi-day profile used to evaluate long-term value and structure.
C-Period – 10:15 to 10:45 AM; often shows late majority entries, dubbed the “Dhokha” (trap) period at Vtrender.
Continuation – A movement that extends beyond prior levels, confirming a directional bias.
Developing POC (DPOC) – The price with the highest volume during the current session.
Drive (Open Drive) – A strong, directional open with conviction and institutional activity.
Double Distribution Day – A trend day that pauses mid-session before moving into a new balance zone.
D-Shaped Profile – Indicates a balanced day; rotational trading around a fair value zone.
D-Period – 10:45 to 11:15 AM; critical for confirming IB breaks or failed moves.
Excess – A market’s rejection from a price area, seen as a tail or spike with little follow-through.
Extension (IB Extension) – Price movement beyond the initial balance, indicating directional conviction.
E-Period – 11:15 to 11:45 AM; part of IB development, confirms early directional behavior.
Failed Auction – A market move that attempts to break beyond a reference level (like IBH/IBL) but quickly reverses within 30 minutes, signaling rejection. A true FA often leads price to travel to the other end of the IB — e.g., a failure at IBL followed by a move above IBH.
Fade – A counter-directional trade taken against momentum, usually near extremes where responsive buyers or sellers are expected to show up.
Flow (Order Flow) – The real-time sequence of executed buy and sell orders that reveals immediate buyer/seller intent and market aggression.
Footprint Chart – A visual representation of traded volume at each price level inside a bar, helping identify control and imbalance.
Filter – A buffer value (e.g., 3–5 points in Nifty) added beyond a key level like IBH or an IS bar high/low to confirm breakout or stop loss placement.
G Period – The 12:15–12:45 PM time slot in Market Profile; statistically known for forming intraday highs or lows.
Gap – A price area at the open where no volume is traded between two sessions, typically reflecting imbalance from the prior close; must be interpreted in context (gap and go, or gap fade).
Grinding – Slow, directionless price movement common on Normal days; reflects a rotational market with locals in control and no initiative presence.
Gamma – The rate of change of delta in options pricing; though not a core MP/OF concept, it impacts short-term volatility and institutional hedging.
Green Bar – In Order Flow, a bar showing net COT (Commitment of Traders) positive — net buyer aggression; should be interpreted along with POC position and volume strength.
High Volume Node (HVN) – A price level where a large chunk of volume has traded; suggests prior acceptance and potential hesitation in the future.
Holding the POC – A condition where price revisits and respects the day’s developing point of control (DPOC), indicating balance or stalling momentum.
Higher High / Higher Low (HH/HL) – Structure defining an uptrend in price action; often used in conjunction with trend day identification.
Hypo (Hypothesis) – A pre-market scenario or trade plan for how the day may unfold, usually derived from past structure, open type, and potential flow zones.
Hit & Run – A quick-entry, short-duration trade typically taken near known edges or volume clusters; aims to capture small, high-probability moves.
IB (Initial Balance) – The range formed during the first hour of trade (9:15–10:15 AM); provides structure for the rest of the session.
IBH / IBL – Initial Balance High/Low; breakout above/below signals potential momentum; common FA reference points.
IB30 / IS30 – Initiative Buying or Selling seen within the 30-minute period post-IB; strong signal of directional conviction.
Imbalance – A skew in buy vs. sell volumes (typically on the diagonal in Order Flow), suggesting control by one party and potential continuation.
Initiative Buying / Selling (IB / IS) – Aggressive entry by buyers/sellers beyond value areas, often triggering follow-through moves and indicating control.
J Period – The 1:45–2:15 PM time slot; used to assess afternoon continuation or reversal setups, especially when paired with K (2:15–2:45 PM).
Jump the Gun – Entering a trade too early without confirmation from Order Flow or structural cues; increases risk of false starts.
Junk Auction – A poorly developed profile with thin structure and low volume; typically lacks conviction and is prone to reversals.
Jamming Stops – Aggressive push in price to trigger stop losses and shake out weak hands before reversing; often spotted with sudden volume spikes or 0-prints.
K Period (TPO) – The market period from 2:15 PM to 2:45 PM. Known as the “Killer Period” where the market often shows decisive moves toward the close, revealing control shifts.
Kissing VWAP – A term for when price returns repeatedly to the VWAP, indicating mean reversion and indecision.
Key Reference Level (KRL) – Important market levels like IBH/IBL, previous day high/low, or DPOC, which traders monitor for breakout or rejection behavior.
L Period (TPO) – The time period from 2:45 PM to 3:15 PM. This is often when trend days either continue or stall before close; significant for visualizing the day’s final narrative.
Lagging Buyer/Seller – A participant entering late into a move, often opposite to early majority. Typically trapped in failing trades.
Liquidity Vacuum – A zone with thin structure and minimal traded volume, where price moves rapidly due to absence of limit orders.
M Period (TPO) – The final trading period from 3:15 PM to 3:30 PM. Known for forced exits, volatility spikes, and margin-driven closing moves.
Market Profile – A framework to visualize time-price opportunity via letters (TPOs) that display auction behavior and market structure across time.
Mean Reversion – A tendency for price to return to VWAP or DPOC after excess or imbalance; common in Normal or Normal Variation Days.
Naked POC – A Point of Control (POC) that hasn’t been visited again after being established; acts as a magnet for future price.
Neutral Day – A day when the market breaks both IBH and IBL, showing indecision; useful to observe for failed auctions.
NTM Volume Option Charts – Vtrender tool to visualize near-the-money options volume dynamically; helps track option trader interest.
Open Drive – A strong directional open where price moves swiftly without testing prior references; signals institutional participation.
Open Test Drive – Market opens, tests a prior reference, and then drives in the opposite direction with conviction.
Open Auction In Range – Market opens within the prior day’s range and exhibits two-way rotation, suggesting balance.
Open Auction Out of Range – Opening outside the prior day’s range; signals potential for volatility and imbalance.
Order Flow – A charting method showing executed trades (not just orders) to reveal real-time buyer/seller control within candles.
POC (Point of Control) – The price level where the highest volume traded for the session; often serves as support/resistance.
Pullback Low/High – A minor high or low formed during a trend; useful for validating trend continuation or failure.
P-Shape Profile – A profile showing short covering; excess volume builds at the top after a narrow base.
Quantitative Analysis (Quants) – Statistical analysis used in Market Profile/Order Flow to estimate extension targets (e.g., 2IB range).
Quiet Market – A condition with low volume and rotational behavior, often forming balanced profiles and compressed ranges.
Responsive Buying (RB) – Buying activity that responds to lower prices (buys weakness); halts seller control temporarily.
Responsive Selling (RS) – Selling activity that responds to higher prices (sells strength); temporary resistance to buyer control.
Rejection – Sharp price reversal from a level with little volume traded; signals poor auction quality and potential turn.
Range Extension – When price moves beyond the IBH or IBL, indicating directional conviction or shift in control.
Rotation – Alternating up and down movement in price; typically seen in balanced or non-trend days.
Spectrum – A Vtrender term for representing gamma-based option ranges, helping traders anticipate expected move limits.
Speedo – A proprietary Vtrender indicator measuring the pace of trades; faster readings imply aggressive market moves.
Single Prints – Price areas with only one TPO print; represent poor auction and often get revisited.
Structure – The market’s form as seen in the profile (e.g., poor high, weak low); helps in judging auction quality.
Stacked Imbalances – Multiple aggressive trades in the same direction on consecutive price levels; strong signal in Order Flow.
Trifecta – A cluster of both buying and selling imbalances appearing together on Order Flow; signals intense battle zones.
Trend Day – A day that opens at one end and closes near the opposite extreme, with little overlap; strong directional intent.
Tail – Single prints at the high or low of the day; shows strong rejection and potential excess.
TPO (Time Price Opportunity) – A unit of time spent at a price (typically 30 mins per letter); forms the Market Profile.
Unsecured Profile – A profile with missing elements like excess or DPOC-VWAP convergence; signals poor quality auction.
Untested Value Area – A prior value area where price has not returned; often acts as a magnet or barrier.
Virgin POC – A POC from a previous session that hasn’t been visited again; considered a high-probability price magnet.
Volume Cluster – A grouping of high volume levels across multiple bars; signals consolidation or absorption zones.
Value Area – Price range where 70% of volume traded; key reference for understanding current market perception.
Weak High/Low – A profile top or bottom with multiple TPOs lined up; shows no initiative action and is prone to break.
Wide Value Area – Indicates heavy rotation and lack of conviction; often seen during balance or transition phases.
